Alexandra Horowitz at the Wagner

I highly recommend this event at the Wagner (near Temple) on Thursday, 3/14, "Observing Dogs" by Dr. Alexandra Horowitz (author of Inside of a Dog). And I second Lauren's praise of Inside of a Dog--a smart and delightful book that gave me a deeper appreciation of dog cognition and behavior.

Observing Dogs at the Wagner

From the Wagner press release:

Have you ever wanted to know what your dog was thinking? Why do dogs do what they do and how do they perceive the world? Given that dogs live in an estimated 75 million U.S. households, it is not surprising that we understand dogs by anthropomorphizing their behavior, but a wave of recent studies have given us new, and sometimes surprising, insights into the cognitive abilities and behaviors of man’s best friend. Dr. Alexandra Horowitz will discuss the latest discoveries in this field and her lab’s approach to studying the dog using observational and simple experimental practices that provide a new understanding of the dog’s point of view. Join us to peek inside your dog’s mind.

Dr. Alexandra Horowitz teaches animal behavior, psychology, and canine cognition at Barnard College at Columbia University. The Horowitz Dog Cognition Lab, in New York City, is currently studying dog and human play. She is author of the best-selling “Inside of a Dog: What Dogs See, Smell, and Know,” and her new book, “On Looking,” was published in January 2013.

"these movements which move themselves"

Originally published in 1964...

Belly Dancer

Animals in Adolescent Literature

This is an interesting article titled "The Animal Within: Recognizing the Fullness of Adolescent Selves", which describes how animals are depicted in young adult novels. Many of the parallels made include how we have an "animal" nature, but we need to move past it in order to become adults. It caught my attention because I had read- and loved- some of the books that are discussed in the article. It also addresses an "otherness" which can certainly be applied to animals as well as an adolescent age group.

http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ALAN/v32n2/vogel.pdf

Unrealistic Representations of Animals in Children's Literature

Marla V. Anderson and Antonia J. Z. Henderson:

Pernicious Portrayals:The Impact of Children’s Attachment to Animals of Fiction on Animals of Fact

http://www.animalsandsociety.org/assets/library/566_s1342.pdf

This paper argues how the misrepresentations of animals in children's literature is detrimental and is carried with us into our adult lives. The misrepresentation of animals is shown to affect our relationships and views of companion animals, wild animals, and animals to be experimented on.  For example, having a specific childhood character pet can be detrimental to people's interactions with real companion animals; they have an unrealistic image of the perfect pet and when their real pet doesn't fulfill those qualities, they animal could be abandoned, put up for adoption, and possibly end up euthanized. Other examples of unrealistic qualities that we cling to and affect our future judgements are introduced and discussed in this paper.

Animals in History at the Morgan

In the Company of Animals
This article is written about a past exhibit at the Morgan Library & Museum in New York. The exhibit displayed pieces of art that symbolized the relationship and interaction between humans and animals. The article includes examples of these artworks as well as excerpts that were displayed in the exhibit. I loved the little story about Odysseus and his dog at the beginning of the article. The history of animals through art in this article is really inspiring and does a great job of mentioning the significance of animals to humans throughout time.

Kelsey Levenick

Sarah Orne Jewett's "A White Heron"

Through Google Scholar, you can find a link to George Held's essay titled: "Heart to Heart with Nature: Ways of Looking at 'A White Heron.'"

Here is a direct link (provided it works): http://digitalcommons.colby.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2473&context=cq&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fscholar%3Fq%3DWhite%2BHeron%2BSarah%2BJewett%2Banimals%26btnG%3D%26hl%3Den%26as_sdt%3D0%252C39#search=%22White%20Heron%20Sarah%20Jewett%20animals%22

This essay examines Sarah Orne Jewett's short story, "A White Heron," about a young girl who must decide between whether or not she wishes to expose a white heron in the forest to a male hunter desperately searching for it. The story includes elements of feminism, and it depicts a character who is connected with nature and its creatures -- its close inspection is therefore useful when examining animals in literature.

Animal Language

From Heather Dyer:

The following link discusses the use of talking animals in literature:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2010/may/01/andrew-ohagan-talking-animals

Andrew O’Hagan, the author of the article “On fictions’ talking animals” examines the role of speaking animals in fictional stories and how it has influenced individuals in society. By examining numerous tales he concludes the human language has been superimposed upon animals to create a superficial connection between humans and nonhuman animals.

Animals in Literature website

http://flourishonline.org/2011/07/lessons-from-literature-about-animals/

This website is an online magazine, and the web article I chose discusses the different ways that animals are portrayed and used in literature.  It references different ways that animals in literature are used to portray humanity, to instill compassion towards animals, and also by learning to live alongside animals and recognizing them as "simply being the animals with whom we inhabit this earth" (Prior). The article then goes on to describe and apply specific pieces of animals in literature. Very interesting read!

Animals and Literature List by Hayon

"Andrew O'Hagan on fiction's talking animals"

http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2010/may/01/andrew-ohagan-talking-animals

This is an article about how usage of animals in literature have been a long standing tradition and telling us about what it means to be human. 

"Animals as People in Children's Literature"

https://secure.ncte.org/library/NCTEFiles/Store/SampleFiles/Journals/la/LA0813Animals.pdf

This is an document that discusses why people are depicted as animals in children's literature. According to the document the over arching meaning is that the usage of animals puts distance between the reader and the subject of the book when the message is particularly powerful or painful. 

"In the Company of Animals: Art, Literature and Music at the Morgan" 

http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2012/03/03/arts/artsspecial/20120303animals.html

An article about an exhibition at at the Morgan Library & Museum, examines the relationship between humans and animals and its influence on the artistic imagination. 

Animals in Literature

http://suite101.com/article/talking-animals-in-literature-a347210

This website was very interesting because it evaluated some reasons why people are fascinated with using animals in literature, more specifically talking animals. It explains how personification is a way humans connect with the animal kingdom and reveals a longing to have a closer relationship with the animals around us. It also touches on the use of animals in children's literature.

Reflecting- Kelsey Levenick

I want to thank Rachel and Mazzy for coming to our class on to meet and talk with us about the history of each of the SPCA's as well as the tremendous role women played in running, funding, and establishing the first SPCA. I knew that the queen of England loved animals reason being her beloved corgis as well as having claimed ownership of each and every swan in the country. However I had no idea that the royals were advocates for stray and unwanted animals. I imagine the royal family as being a bit, well, royal and would be the type of people to look down upon instances of poor people. Although I now know they were compasionate, ethical people.
Being the secret feminist that I am, I was so pleased to learn all about Caroline Earle White and all the other men and mostly women that were advocates for homeless animals. Especially given the time where women did not necessarily care to impact society. I was told from our first presentation by the volunteer coordinator as the PSPCA however Rachel reminded us that the Philadelphia SPCA was the first in America! I love that.
I thoroughly enjoyed the presentation and am very gracious of Rachel to have given her time to come talk to us! And ofcourse meeting Mazzy was an awesome experience. I do not come in contact with bull terriers much and I would be lying if I said I wasn't fully optimistic. My allegations were stricken as soon as I opened the classroom door as she came running, excited to greet the new person. In fact they were forgotten alltogether as I immediately whipped out my "puppy voice" which too much resembles baby talk, (a habbit I need to break, soon). She is such a great spirit and I can tell she is an amazing companion as well as so well behaved! I loved meeting her and I was right, classes just aren't the same anymore without her! Rachel please come back soon, and be sure to bring Mazzy!!

Earliest Animal Art and Realism

We were talking in class last night about the fact that our earliest art subject (some 25,000 years ago) was the nonhuman animal, and how the realistic depictions of nonhuman animals in Paleolithic cave paintings challenge John Berger's notion that nonhuman animals first enter human imagination as metaphors and symbols. Most likely they were both real and symbolic, but their representations appear realistic. Here's a link to a NYT article that addresses that realism:

spotted horses in cave art weren't just a figment, dna shows

Class Presentation: History of Animal Welfare

Pictures from Rachel McCrystal's class visit to discuss the history of animal welfare:

From Randi Fair

I haven’t been to the PSPCA yet because I’ve been really sick, but I hope to tag along with Amanda and Hannah this Sunday. I have been before and I always have a really great time. The grounds are really clean and the staff are really friendly and seem to really care about the animals. There always seems to be at least a few volunteers when I visit, so I never feel like the animals go days without interacting with someone. I really love the special rooms where volunteers and potential adopters can bring animals to become better acquainted. I’ve never volunteered in the kitchen or surgery post-op rooms, but I’d like to. I hope to spend most of my time with the cats because their cages are just so small, it breaks my heart. The rooms are all really bright and I love that because I have been to some shelters that looked more like a dark dungeon and I think the sunshine helps the animals’ moods as well as the staff and public who are coming to a place that is arguably a little sad.

 

I really enjoyed Ms. McCrystal’s presentation. I did know some of the information such as the PSPCA being the country’s first shelter and that it was primarily formed to service carriage horses. I didn’t know anything about the wonderful women who were behind the founding of PSPCA and Morris and that was really exciting to learn about. Caroline founded the PSPCA, the women’s branch and the AAVS which is just incredible. What an inspiration she is! I liked that Rachel mentioned Elizabeth Morris’s policy of never turning away an animal as I think this should be a tenet of each and every animal shelter. So many shelters turn away animals in need when they are at maximum capacity, and I think that is absolutely despicable.

 

I hope to be a little more introspective after I get to volunteer this weekend. Really excited to snuggle some cats this weekend.

Connections with Animals

Ever since I was little I have loved animals, often more than people. I was always worried if the smallest thing seemed wrong and have been, ironically, always drawn to the runt or injured animal. Ever pet I can ever remember getting or being impacted by has been a stray, rescue, or been from a litter of family friend's pet. (The only exception is my family dog who, to my somewhat objection, was gotten from an Amish family- though since she turned out to be a runt, I guess it makes sense that she ended up in my life.) Recently my sister and I took in a stray cat who wandered into our apartment building- it was pouring outside and we didn't have the heart to send her back out.

Although I have never volunteered at an animal shelter, I have always been interested in it and this course has become the push that I needed to get past my selfish reasons for not going and just go. I am excited and nervous about the things I will encounter while volunteering, but I am appreciative to have gotten some foundation through texts and speakers to accompany me through the process.

I became very pleased when told the survival rate of the PSPCA, as well as, motivated by the devotion of volunteers and community members. I was also very intrigued by the retirement camps that Rachel talked about, as well as, the major influences that Philadelphia had on animal rights and welfare progress. I hadn't previously known how influential Philadelphia was, significantly in starting the move to create shelters to help alleviate moral dilemmas of killing almost all the animals that were supposed to be saved.

My greatest worry is that I will become disheartened, frustrated, and saddened by the backgrounds of the animals at the PSPCA. After gaining insight about how important and influential interactions with animals can be (from "Why Look At Animals), I have developed a new goal to connect personally with the animals and not let any agitations or disapprovals that I may have of their owners negatively affect the animals by affecting my emotion state and non-verbal signals.

I am glad to have the opportunity to apply principles and findings from class and academic work to hands-on, personal work and vice versa. I am also interested in what connections I might make and what I may find out about myself and others along the way.

Fresh Start

I think that the most valuable part of this class was to introduce me to life at the shelter. I have had a very “middle class” experience with animals in that they have always been someone’s pet and well cared for. During the fall semester, my roommate and I began fostering cats and being at the shelter felt like an extension of this new home life. Even though I barely knew these animals, I felt like I was immediately protective of the animals of the prospective owners coming through. I also felt a responsibility towards these animals that I think stays with anyone who has the chance to be in this environment. Leaving the shelter has mixed feelings of sadness but I also felt really happy for them in a strange way. Even though they are stuck in a crate, the volunteers that come through have a genuine interest in the socializing them and the overall welfare of the animals. I really loved that the trainer at the PSPCA said that every time she leaves the shelter she feels like she has accomplished something. I think this is 100 percent true and just from being there for a few hours I felt like the animals, as well as myself, had been impacted in a positive way.

On a different note, I really enjoyed the presentations that we have experienced in class so far. Whenever my family comes to visit, I am an absolute nerd and spit out all these random facts that I’ve learned about Philadelphia over the years. I had never known about the animal movements in Philadelphia and how large of a role it played. Over the course of the semester, it will be interesting to immerse myself in the culture of Philadelphia in this totally new way. 

Happiness Through Animals 2900

I want to start off by saying that I am very happy to have a chance to take this class. Having never volunteered at an animal shelter before, I was a little unsure of what it would entail. However, last weekend I learned just how important the work of the PSPCA is. With so many animals in need of a home, their work is never-ending. I attended the cat-handling class last weekend and was surprised at how many cats were waiting to be taken home. As a cat-lover who has multiple cats at home throughout my life, I was irrationally tempted to take all of them with me. We learned how to properly handle the cats and how to determine their temperament  and although a few of them were quite moody, all of them deserve a good home with people who will love them and treat them as animals are supposed to be treated, with respect and care. I realized at the shelter that just like people, animals have very distinct personalities and I hope that in time I will be able to better connect with the animals at the shelter. Although I was not able to handle the dogs, it was also clear that the same was true for the them. There were quiet ones, happy ones, and ones that looked quite sad. However, even the sad ones lit up when approached or talked to. One dog that sticks out in my mind was a put bull mix that looked up sadly at me when i passed by its cage. I stopped and began talking to him and his face slowly warmed up and his tail began to wag. Things like that prove that human interaction with shelter animals really is important. Another thing that I noticed was how huge of an impact something as small as a toilet paper roll can make on the lives of the animals in the shelter. There are so many things that people can do to help out that takes minimal effort and costs next to nothing. I can't wait to go back and hopefully make more connections with the animals.

Building a Comprehensive Understanding of Animal Ethics

The information from Rachel McCrystal's presentation this past Tuesday overlapped with a lot of the information from our first reading assignment in The Animal Ethics Reader. Both discussed the history of the animal welfare and rights movements, making note of the early focus on horses and anti-vivisection, rather than on companion animals such as cats and dogs. In comparing these two sources, I feel that they complimented each other quite nicely. I believe The Animal Ethics Reader did a wonderful job detailing the history of vegetarianism, while Rachel's presentation did an amazing job detailing the history of shelter organizations, and the role that women played in the movement's early stages. Because we are a class of all females (with the exception of Dan, of course!) I think it is empowering to learn about the roles women have played throughout history, despite obstacles they may have faced.

The presentation also introduced us into volunteering at the PSPCA this semester. I was there this past weekend, getting trained to work with cats and dogs, and I think it will feel even more meaningful now that I know about the origins of the shelter and the processes it took to get there. I would love to see this movement continue to advance, particularly in the shelters (since we are discussing companion animals, and not factory farming).

Lastly, I appreciate the multiple approaches this class is taking in terms of discourse -- we are incorporating ideas from history, philosophy, women's studies, literature-studies, and community-based learning, and I think it will provide those of us in the class with a more comprehensive understanding of the relationships, thoughts, and beliefs people have regarding animals than any average person would even be aware of. This knowledge will propel us to introduce the subject to others in a form that is not structured on thoughtlessness and ignorance, but on informative, and thought-out reason.

Connecting to "the animal"

      Even though I have been volunteering at animal shelters and rescues since I was a little girl, this past trip to the PSPCA was different. While the scenery was more or less the same, after having read and discussed the origins and various definitions of “the animal” in class, my perceptions of the animals at the shelter were significantly more complex and powerful. For example, how can a cat or dog rubbing up against the bars of his or her cage, begging for attention and love be considered a machine? Searching for love, connection and care are not mechanical characteristics as far as I can see.  This past at the PSPCA allowed for me to clearly see that animals have the same desires that we do deep down inside: security, acceptance, companionship and so much more. The only difference that I could see while spending time with the furry felines at the PSPCA is that they don’t make as much of a fuss over appearances and intellectual and societal status as much as we humans do.
      Leaving the PSPCA, I couldn’t help but feel overwhelmed and saddened for the animals that are living inside those relatively tiny cells, with people streaming in and out the doors pointing and talking and grabbing. Perhaps it’s not that type of situation that saddens me, but rather the fact that the animals must have no idea why they are confined and why so many people are staring at them but not necessarily giving them the love and security they so desire. 

      After hearing Rachel McCrystal and Mazzy’s presentation, I no longer felt as sad and overwhelmed as I originally had. I learned so much after that class… I had no idea how monumental Philadelphia was and has been in the animal welfare (and rights) movement and how vital of a role the PSPCA has played in the helping and healing of so many animals. I can now see that the animals at the PSPCA are not “sad” cases. The sole fact that they are being sheltered from the storm of animal cruelty and neglect until a furrever home can be found for them is so uplifting.

      One aspect of Rachel’s presentation that resonated with me the most was the section on Caroline Earle White. Before she founded the Women’s PSPCA (now Woman’s Humane Society), so much was being done to get stray dogs off the streets and to humanely care for agricultural and particularly industrial animals. But White saw that while these efforts were an extremely consequential part of the movement, they only acted as a band-aid to the problem, hence her opening up the first shelter in America and the first adoption program. Adoptions of rescued animals are becoming more and more popular and progressive, as I could clearly see by the swarms of people bustling through the halls of the PSPCA during adoption hours.

      Two things remain clear to me after volunteering at the PSPCA and listening to the animal welfare presentation: in order for success to be made in the movement, people must 1) learn to care for other animals besides themselves and their own species be it through introspection or personal connections, and 2) those who are already active and aware must spread their notions by means of education and first-hand experiences. 

From Heather Dyer

Attending the Pennsylvania SPCA has helped me understand the idea that animals are companions, not simply living machines. I love dogs, and when I was walking one dog in particular at the Pennsylvania SPCA, Bibi, a black pug-type mix, I felt as if I was not holding control over him, but rather we were simply coexisting and I was helping him to live a more enjoyable life during his time at the shelter. Bibi and I sat on a bench because the field behind the runs was muddy and we watched another dog and his companion play catch with a ball.
A connection I made between attending the Pennsylvania SPCA and an article was the equality shared between humans and animals, even though humans are moral agents with the ability to understand and exercise morality and animals are moral patients who are supposed to be incapable of committing actions against any morals. Although dogs and humans are equal in value, domesticated dogs rely on us to keep them healthy and happy. Because we are capable of taking care of not only ourselves but others, we have the duty to exercise our abilities for the betterment of others.
Attending the Pennsylvania SPCA is a good time to ask ourselves the question posed in Lynda Birke’s “Naming names - or, what’s in it for the animals” that considers what animals might think about what we do. When a dog sees you approaching their cage, they are beyond excited with the thought that they might get to go outside again. This is a perfect example of the varied roles we discussed in class that humans can play concerning animals. Humans can either have dominion over animals, as the Genesis chapter we read from the Bible stated, or we can exercise stewardship with the animals in an environment where we help them when they need it yet still coexist in harmony.

First day volunteering

Blog Post 1 

Volunteering at the PSPCA was my first time volunteering at any animal shelter. What really struck me at first was the sheer amount of people and animals crammed into tiny waiting rooms and cages. Its a wonder that the staff there are doing so well. What also surprised me was how different the cats were to cats I had previously handled. I myself have had 2 cats and 2 dogs and (even though I'm much more of a dog person) I thought that I could handle cats pretty well. But I found myself feeling slightly intimidated by their fearlessness and unpredictability So many different personalities, interests, likes and dislikes really had me wondering how someone has intuitive as Renee Descartes could assume that animal lived by sheer instinct and not thought. A story that has confirmed in me the intelligence and capacity to think within animals was the story of Lucy the pig who saved her owner by attracting attention to herself by lying in the middle of a road until a motorist stopped. Lucy then took the motorist to her home to rescue her dying owner who was in the middle of a heart attack. If that's not thought then I don't know what is. Another thing I noticed was that, perhaps I'm over reaching here, but the manner in which people came in to adopt a cat or a dog reminded me a lot of how people go clothes shopping. Were they looking for a real life time companion or were they shopping for temporary excitement and satisfaction - the thrill of having a new pet? And who's to regulate that? Who can say that you can adopt but you can't. It seems that lack of education and knowledge about what adopting a new pet really means will lead to a  lot of those animals being returned within days. Perhaps I'm being overly cynical but that was the impression I got.